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The case for stubborn optimism on climate | Christiana Figueres

Take action on climate change at . “This decade is a moment of choice unlike any we have ever lived,” says Christiana Figueres, the architect of the historic 2015 Paris Agreement. The daughter of Costa Rica’s beloved President José Figueres Ferrer, she shares how her father’s unwillingness to lose the country he loved taught her…

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Take action on climate change at .

“This decade is a moment of choice unlike any we have ever lived,” says Christiana Figueres, the architect of the historic 2015 Paris Agreement. The daughter of Costa Rica’s beloved President José Figueres Ferrer, she shares how her father’s unwillingness to lose the country he loved taught her how stubborn optimism can catalyze action and change. With an unshakeable determination to fight for the generations that will come after us, Figueres describes what stubborn optimism is (and isn’t) — and urges everyone to envision and work for the future they want for humanity.

This talk was part of the Countdown Global Launch on 10.10.2020. (Watch the full event here: .) Countdown is TED’s global initiative to accelerate solutions to the climate crisis. The goal: to build a better future by cutting greenhouse gas emissions in half by 2030, in the race to a zero-carbon world. Get involved at

TED’s videos may be used for non-commercial purposes under a Creative Commons License, Attribution–Non Commercial–No Derivatives (or the CC BY – NC – ND 4.0 International) and in accordance with our TED Talks Usage Policy (). For more information on using TED for commercial purposes (e.g. employee learning, in a film or online course), please submit a Media Request at

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54 Comments

54 Comments

  1. Mutant Buzzard

    October 29, 2020 at 8:23 pm

    Get rid of liberalism, problem solved

  2. Mutant Buzzard

    October 29, 2020 at 8:27 pm

    Every time ted slings this BS a polar bear dies, liberal “environmentalist” are hypocrites

    • Aylbdr Madison

      October 30, 2020 at 7:01 am

      @Mutant Buzzard : Educate yourself, you are in dire need.
      Man made global warming is a fact.
      In the 70’s the ferns and other plants under the redwoods were above my waist, but was starting to thin out by the 80’s. By the 90’s there were around half as many ferns and plants on the forest floor. Now the forest floor of the redwood park I grew up a few blocks away from is nothing but sticks and dirt, with a few plants here and there. In the 70’s it used to rain here on average 28 days during the summer months alone. Now we are lucky to get that much rain in the entire year.
      Since they started keeping track in 1930, 17 of California’s 20 biggest fires happened in the last 20 years. That was before this year. I now live a few miles away from what used to be California’s largest fire ever at over 400,000 acres. But there is a fire burning about 60 miles north of me that was over 1 million acres now.
      4,000,000 acres have burned in California this year alone, many people have lost their homes (some lost everything), some even lost their lives. But because we are all lefties who disagree with their precious gop, the trumpers don’t care at all. All they care about is “owning the libs.”
      Well, I have some interesting news for trumpers: Most of the people who live in this county are republicans, but because of misinformed people like them causing so much destruction by trusting trump and people like him, many of them are voting for Biden now.
      It wouldn’t even matter to any group other than trumpers what sort of people lived here though. But trumpers want to murder (or at the very least: let die) anyone who disagrees with their hatred, refusal to accept responsibility for the freedom of others, and their murderous intentions.

      Here are just a couple more of the millions of articles that support this:

      Do you trumpers care nothing even for the future of your own children? Is owning the libs really all that you care about?

    • Mutant Buzzard

      October 30, 2020 at 4:29 pm

      @Aylbdr Madison do u even know what “hypocrite” means? apparently not. what in your deluded out look allows you slander US like that? please provide an example of US hypocrisy, US can provide of examples of liberal hypocrisy vis a ve the climate. co2 doesn’t cause warming and that has been proven many times and in many ways.

    • Mutant Buzzard

      October 30, 2020 at 4:31 pm

      @Aylbdr Madison all of those alleged problems are a direct result of hypocritical liberal policy

    • Mutant Buzzard

      October 30, 2020 at 4:34 pm

      @Aylbdr Madison if there was a way to stop the level of atmospheric co2 from changing without curtailing mans use of oil, would u do it? the fact the liberals like you won’t proves that liberals care nothing for the climate and every thing about controlling the lives of others

    • Mutant Buzzard

      October 30, 2020 at 4:37 pm

      @Aylbdr Madison biden is a lying racists and only commies will vote 4 him, will liberals like u promise not to riot when sleepy creepy slow quid pro joe loses?

  3. Evan Parent

    October 29, 2020 at 8:51 pm

    I’m Vegan; that’s the bare minimum we can all do ~3 times a day to preserve the future and it’s actually an amazing lifestyle with so many benefits, I love it (and the food)! 🙂

    • DDPWE

      October 30, 2020 at 12:43 pm

      @Christopher Gruenwald Here we go. Our food? If you did ANY research, you’d have found out that 85% of all land grown crops are fed to ANIMALS. So your argument is moot. Care to fire off another uneducated comment? We make enough food for almost twice our population, but yet we have almost 1billion people starving.

    • DDPWE

      October 30, 2020 at 12:46 pm

      @Christopher Gruenwald Oh yeah, forgot to mention. Ya know, numbers, ratios. How many vegans are there on the planet compared to everyone else? That’s right, we’re a very small number, but yet we’re the problem? EVERYONE else still consumes plants, so those numbers are still higher than vegans who eat nothing but plants. chuckle

    • Pandaboi

      October 30, 2020 at 1:05 pm

      @rankemperor “There are too many people. It’s got nothing to do with diet”.
      Nope, the world has plenty of resources. You’re forgetting that the US is responsible for 46% of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions at present. That’s about 5% of the world population contributing almost 50% of the world’s destruction. If the US was a democracy rather than a plutocracy maybe we wouldn’t be in this predicament.

    • rankemperor

      October 30, 2020 at 1:31 pm

      @Pandaboi There are 400 ‘dead-zones’ in the oceans. Nothing to do with global warming.
      Anyway, the UN are closing down the economy. They plan to reduce the population down to 500 million by 2030.

    • Pandaboi

      October 30, 2020 at 2:13 pm

      @rankemperor “Anyway, the UN are closing down the economy. They plan to reduce the population down to 500 million by 2030.”
      Ok, seriously, what have you been smoking. Nevermind whether that’s true, there’s no way the UN would be the organization to come up with that plan, nor would they delay their plans to 10 years after they made them.

      Honestly, while I was almost convinced “all life (over five years old) is sacred”, I’ve since seen a Trump rally and now I think humanity is a race of hairless apes with an ego.

    • TCR Galaxy

      October 31, 2020 at 6:30 am

      Don’t BREED…

    • Evan Parent

      October 31, 2020 at 6:18 pm

      The comments are so hateful. The beneficial impacts are factually undeniable whether they are: personal health, environmental, or ethical.

      Spreading hate through insults isn’t a solution. We responsible for our toxic habits and behaviors that brought us to this point in human history and they need to change and improve.

      If a lifestyle prevents 14/15 leading causes of death in humans globally while improving overall health and reducing medical expenditures; that should be the standard diet.

      If a lifestyle has the potential to reduce ~75% of the agriculture lands aggressively being stripped of it’s ability to grow any plants just to inefficiently feed billions of sick exploitated animals while also helping to feed those ~8.5 million humans starving today and the billions soon to come; that should be the standard lifestyle we all practice.

      If a lifestyle doesn’t require mass exploitation of sentient species while drastically reducing emissions; that should be the standard practice.

      If a lifestyle allows people to still carry their own religious beliefs so long as it doesn’t harm others or negatively impact the present or future; that should be a universal inclusion to all compassionate systems of belief.

      If we don’t question what we’ve been socially conditioned to believe since we were very impressionable youths, how are we to allow ourselves new information and learn to be better.

      Veganism is grounded in compassion for others while being welcome to all. The benefits far outweigh any Omnivorous diet (which clearly isn’t sustainable under todays conditions); whether it’s health, environmental or ethical, we thrive on plants.

  4. Amachtinger

    October 29, 2020 at 9:27 pm

    Geez, what a scam.

    • TCR Galaxy

      October 31, 2020 at 6:29 am

      Hot House Earth and humans becoming a smear in the fossil record…WASF

      🔥🔥🌎🔥🔥

    • Amachtinger

      October 31, 2020 at 3:46 pm

      @TCR Galaxy Nobody denies the earth has warmed. What’s never been proven is the cause and you and all of your acolites act as if it’s proven science. I’ll stay in my lane, but perhaps you should read something other than California propaganda.

  5. Karen Ness

    October 29, 2020 at 9:56 pm

    Hola Christina, saludos from Guatemala. You brought tears to my eyes.

    What kept me listening after you said social justice was your mention of Rule of Law. I will begin by trying to establish my credibility in the realm of ecology, tell you about my ecological footprint.

    I have no car; I walk or ride a bike very few exceptions, then it’s shared transportation with at least four other people. I rarely travel by plane. My non-organic waste, which I compost myself, amounts to a one gallon bag every couple of weeks. I don’t use insecticides or herbicides, except for occasional boric acid to keep ants and cockroaches out. I eat almost no processed food and my diet is very simple, two and a half pounds of chicken meat and organ meats a week between myself, three cats, and a neighbor’s dog. So, i think I have done my part to avoid contributing to anthropogenic climate change, given that it is wholly anthropogenic in origin, which I am not completely convinced.

    Now, to the Rule of Law. I am completely convinced of its necessity if we are to solve all the problems facing us as a species and even problems facing the planet and life on it.

    Without Rule of Law, there can be no collective action. Without collective action, we can’t solve big problems. But, here is the heart of the great divide that has the human species so polarized, not all collective action is respectful of the Rule of Law, as the collective action by the military in your personal history seems to prove. Let’s assume for the moment that the military were wrong; their action was unlawful.

    Why was it wrong, unlawful? It was unlawful, most importantly, because they violated freedom; they used force, or the threat of, to overthrow an election that, we will suppose, was free, in other words, conducted without coercion or deceit on the part of the participants.

    Perhaps the military also violated the Constitution, the social contract between the politicians and the People, and so, they violated the (hopefully freely negotiated) right of the People to decide by majority vote on how to hire the people who control collective force.

    Those two principles, freedom and rights/obligations, together with respect for property (without which there is no basis for negotiation) and equitable compensation for proven damages are the foundation of human society, of collective human action. If these are not respeced, we do not associate; we do not form societies; we do not act collectively.

    The Law must defend these if there is to be any collective action at all. In other words, collective action itself must not violate these principles or it will destroy itself.

    These principles are the Law, and the Rule of Law is when collective action and the institutions that have evolved to organize that action do not violate the Law itself, do not violate what makes collective action possible. That includes legislation as a means of collective action. Legislation must also not violate the Law or it will destroy society, sooner or later.

    I hope that humans are not ignorant enough to destroy the planet’s only hope of preventing the destruction of the planet and all life on it by meteors and other problems that only the collective action by humans can solve or, as Thomas Sowell says, find alternatives for.

    Climate change, assuming it is anthropogenic (or not) can be solved without violating freedom, property, and rights/obligations, but we must not make the use of force more inclusive than for the strict enforcement of the Law. It’s much too dangerous, genocidally, speci-cidally, planecidally, dangerous.

    What we can make more inclusive is freedom and property. We can extend the respect for the freedom and property of more life forms. We can, voluntarily, give equitable compensation for proven damages to the species and territories we have extended the respect for property and freedom to. (Proven damages because unlawfully violating the freedom, property, and rights of individual humans weakens collective action the way a virus can weaken and even destroy an organism, one cell at a time.)

    Pollution has a perfect solution in the strict protection of property. Your garbage is your responsibility; don’t dump it in my property, my land, my water, my air, my body, etc.

    Enforcing the Law is Justice, it is social because it preserves society. Anything that violates the Law is anti-social by definition.

    What we need is for the Law and Justice to be more inclusive, to apply it equally among all human beings so that our collective force is not drained by divisions and we can then extend the Law and Justice to as many other living things as possible.

    Let’s get our own house in order first or we won’t have the strength we need for more.

  6. Dane Swanson

    October 29, 2020 at 10:40 pm

    Follow the money

  7. Blah Bleh

    October 29, 2020 at 10:56 pm

    What’s the point of more of these pointless platitudes we’ve all heard a hundred times already.

    • Aylbdr Madison

      October 30, 2020 at 6:42 am

      Still trying to help the wantonly blind see. We sure wish this wasn’t the case of course, but sadly it is. So..
      Man made global warming is a fact.
      In the 70’s the ferns and other plants under the redwoods were above my waist, but was starting to thin out by the 80’s. By the 90’s there were around half as many ferns and plants on the forest floor. Now the forest floor of the redwood park I grew up a few blocks away from is nothing but sticks and dirt, with a few plants here and there. In the 70’s it used to rain here on average 28 days during the summer months alone. Now we are lucky to get that much rain in the entire year.
      Since they started keeping track in 1930, 17 of California’s 20 biggest fires happened in the last 20 years. That was before this year. I now live a few miles away from what used to be California’s largest fire ever at over 400,000 acres. But there is a fire burning about 60 miles north of me that was over 1 million acres now.
      4,000,000 acres have burned in California this year alone, many people have lost their homes (some lost everything), some even lost their lives. But because we are all lefties who disagree with their precious gop, the trumpers don’t care at all. All they care about is “owning the libs.”
      Well, I have some interesting news for trumpers: Most of the people who live in this county are republicans, but because of misinformed people like them causing so much destruction by trusting trump and people like him, many of them are voting for Biden now.
      It wouldn’t even matter to any group other than trumpers what sort of people lived here though. But trumpers want to murder (or at the very least: let die) anyone who disagrees with their hatred, refusal to accept responsibility for the freedom of others, and their murderous intentions.

      Here are just a couple more of the millions of articles that support this:

      Do you trumpers care nothing even for the future of your own children? Is owning the libs really all that you care about?

    • Blah Bleh

      October 30, 2020 at 11:09 am

      @Aylbdr Madison Funny how you assume I deny climate change and support trump, neither of which are true.

      Maybe you should check your assumptions before running off on a silly little rant.

  8. DDPWE

    October 29, 2020 at 11:15 pm

    The number one thing that literally EVERYONE can do, is to go whole food plant-based. If you really think you’re doing your best at reducing your carbon foot print(because we know companies/government are going to take much longer to help) and you aren’t whole food plant-based, you really need to do some research. The animal AG is destructive in EVERY aspect of their business.

    The easiest thing for anyone to do and no one wants to talk about it. It’s really sad that we have all these people that say we need to do something and soon, but don’t give any recourse. Yet, we have this one HUGE direction that would be absolutely massive in reduction, but no one even wants to make a peep. It’s really sad that people are more obsessed with their taste buds, than they are with fixing the planet. I guess the majority of the planet are narcissists and will never see the real truth right in front of their eyes. smh

    • TechTheAwesome

      October 30, 2020 at 9:06 am

      don’t forget to VOTE! (if you’re able to)

    • TCR Galaxy

      October 31, 2020 at 6:27 am

      Wrong…NOT breeding is the only solution, and every single one of our fellow earthlings would agree…🐝🐝🌎🐝🐝

    • DDPWE

      October 31, 2020 at 12:36 pm

      @TCR Galaxy You obviously didn’t read what I typed, no where did I mention we should be eating animals, right? boggle

  9. Kelli V

    October 29, 2020 at 11:18 pm

    Vote Blue 🌎

  10. Dutch Mountain

    October 29, 2020 at 11:40 pm

    We live on a planet with a lot of stupid people greed hate and politics
    Good luck to us all

    • TCR Galaxy

      October 31, 2020 at 6:25 am

      OVERSHOOT.

  11. Lady Anne Aribal

    October 30, 2020 at 1:08 am

    This beautiful, truly. ❤️

  12. freesk8

    October 30, 2020 at 4:19 am

    Sigh. More climate alarmism. When do the people get tired of hearing them scream “wolf?”

    • Aylbdr Madison

      October 30, 2020 at 6:29 am

      When you get tired of lying to yourself.
      Man made global warming is a fact.
      In the 70’s the ferns and other plants under the redwoods were above my waist, but was starting to thin out by the 80’s. By the 90’s there were around half as many ferns and plants on the forest floor. Now the forest floor of the redwood park I grew up a few blocks away from is nothing but sticks and dirt, with a few plants here and there. In the 70’s it used to rain here on average 28 days during the summer months alone. Now we are lucky to get that much rain in the entire year.
      Since they started keeping track in 1930, 17 of California’s 20 biggest fires happened in the last 20 years. That was before this year. I now live a few miles away from what used to be California’s largest fire ever at over 400,000 acres. But there is a fire burning about 60 miles north of me that was over 1 million acres now.
      4,000,000 acres have burned in California this year alone, many people have lost their homes (some lost everything), some even lost their lives. But because we are all lefties who disagree with their precious gop, the trumpers don’t care at all. All they care about is “owning the libs.”
      Well, I have some interesting news for trumpers: Most of the people who live in this county are republicans, but because of misinformed people like them causing so much destruction by trusting trump and people like him, many of them are voting for Biden now.
      It wouldn’t even matter to any group other than trumpers what sort of people lived here though. But trumpers want to murder (or at the very least: let die) anyone who disagrees with their hatred, refusal to accept responsibility for the freedom of others, and their murderous intentions.

      Here are just a couple more of the millions of articles that support this:

      Do you trumpers care nothing even for the future of your own children? Is owning the libs really all that you care about?

    • TCR Galaxy

      October 31, 2020 at 6:24 am

      WASF 🔥🌎🔥

  13. Tess Amoruso

    October 30, 2020 at 5:11 am

    Thank you for this. I’m going to share this message widely.

  14. mirafiori1990

    October 30, 2020 at 5:28 am

    There is nothing of substance in this talk, no guidelines or solutions – very disappointing. Stop saying “we”, let’s turn our guilt-trips against big polluters, how ’bout that??

    • Aylbdr Madison

      October 30, 2020 at 5:53 am

      There’s far far far Far more in this talk than you are presenting (literally nothing, zero, do you ever even try?).
      And for that reason, you are nothing more than a hypocrite.

    • Phoebe J

      October 31, 2020 at 2:03 am

      It seemed to me she was advising us on how to act on info she assumed we knew. I too noticed she didn’t try to convince us much about how severe the crisis is or to do any specific thing to address it; she simply wanted to explain to us a mindset that would allow us to deal with it. This mindset was her dad’s, and allowed him to change the political situation in Costa Rica, and then allowed her to help nations agree to take the first step to reduce omissions. Not talking about what you wanted to hear doesn’t make her argument invalid, though I’m sure this woman could have answered your questions just fine had that been her goal

  15. Krzysztof Cieszyński

    October 30, 2020 at 7:18 am

    Up

  16. Rebecca Leeman

    October 30, 2020 at 8:02 am

    Do these American trolls of ignorance in the comments get paid for shilling for oil cpmpanies ?
    Or are they just incels with nothing better to do then spread conspiracy theories and stupidity ?

    • TCR Galaxy

      October 31, 2020 at 6:24 am

      WASF

  17. katrina anne manguiat

    October 30, 2020 at 8:26 am

    you are so right.

  18. Raouf Benghida

    October 30, 2020 at 9:34 am

    Keep your efforts up .

  19. Helen George

    October 30, 2020 at 12:22 pm

    0:38 I no longer need my work because of, *p a i d t o b e h o m e .c o m*

  20. Alexander Goldmann

    October 30, 2020 at 1:37 pm

    Everybody should take responsibility to his environment, his neighborhood, his life. If do so, everything would be much easier and better.

  21. lola

    October 30, 2020 at 6:33 pm

    i agree with you !!:)

  22. lola

    October 30, 2020 at 6:44 pm

    i love her speech 🙂

  23. Jean-Pierre Soso

    October 30, 2020 at 7:47 pm

    Best 8 minutes

  24. Jean-Pierre Soso

    October 30, 2020 at 7:48 pm

    How can we help?

  25. gaylehenefer-Realtor

    October 31, 2020 at 2:11 am

    Excellent!

  26. biological utopia

    October 31, 2020 at 11:27 am

    Just give up. Homosapiens evovlved from small tribal systems, our biology and psychology were never designed to maintain current social structure in large scale. I’m just waiting for the collapse of ecosystem and society, after that I can kill every human in top position and replace them with artificial intelligence educated specifically for that position. Human can keep living in small rural groups and take care of the works that Ai and city cannot handle, and the city will provide human everything they need for free, just like the relationship between our body and bacteria.

  27. Steve Hinton

    November 1, 2020 at 1:31 am

    Inspiring. Thank you for sharing a story of hope and aspiration. Count me in.

  28. Mark Hogan

    November 1, 2020 at 2:57 am

    Thank you.

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