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The Powerful Promise of Earth’s Harshest Places | Lei Zhang | TED

Clean energy visionary Lei Zhang loves the Gobi Desert — the most Mars-like place on Earth. Why? Because of the promise it holds to provide the free, abundant solar and wind energy to fuel humanity’s next leap forward. Sharing the story behind one of the world’s largest green hydrogen projects, Zhang shows how Earth’s harshest…

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Clean energy visionary Lei Zhang loves the Gobi Desert — the most Mars-like place on Earth. Why? Because of the promise it holds to provide the free, abundant solar and wind energy to fuel humanity’s next leap forward. Sharing the story behind one of the world’s largest green hydrogen projects, Zhang shows how Earth’s harshest landscapes could unlock more energy reserves than the world consumes today, and encourages us all to get a little more creative in how we think about the future. (Recorded at TED Countdown Summit 2025 on June 16, 2025)

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42 Comments

42 Comments

  1. @Jasonxbr

    August 26, 2025 at 11:09 am

    Humans, the only species, can alter earth terrains selfishly, decimating vast lands, wildlife, and pollution, leaving behind a trail of what was. Jesus christ priorities, in the name of profits and greed, this is what is going to doom this planet. Elon and his billionaire friends can’t last long in the vacuum of space. 😢😢😢😢😢Complete failure of the highest degree

  2. @AntonAwakener

    August 26, 2025 at 11:09 am

    Climate change is junk science Cmon people

  3. @ZubairShortsHub

    August 26, 2025 at 11:10 am

    who is here to listen this poadcast😂

    • @quangkhai21

      August 26, 2025 at 11:32 am

      😅😂

    • @Fally-w7n

      August 26, 2025 at 3:16 pm

      What’s so funny?

    • @MikeNewman-m6u

      August 27, 2025 at 1:45 am

      Who’s here to talk Zubairie

    • @MikeNewman-m6u

      August 27, 2025 at 1:53 am

      Abundantly solar lie is it ain’t the cheapest as advertised when you add in the battery needed. But the solar plus battery cost is less than burning fossil fuels when we add in costs from bad weather crises created. And big oil corruption. Holding evolved humans from further evolving.

      Why do we keep electing corporation lackies taking money from the working classes that do the actual work.

    • @MarinaRhymin

      August 28, 2025 at 7:55 am

      Please tell me that was a typo and not making fun of the way someone who is bilingual talks.

  4. @MasudRanaMasudRana-n1b4k

    August 26, 2025 at 11:10 am

    Nice tolk

  5. @BelieveInTheTruth.

    August 26, 2025 at 11:15 am

    Sometime i feels like we’re lucky enough generation because we have lots of
    opportunities and facilities.
    the world is getting smaller infront of our eyes because
    of modern technology.we
    can share alot and we’re
    connected each other.i
    really love keep touch with
    all the human being as respectfully and honestly.

    • @m6t6-l4e

      August 26, 2025 at 11:24 am

      I agree your opinion

  6. @JupCream

    August 26, 2025 at 1:06 pm

    👌🏿👌🏿

  7. @nibiruresearch

    August 26, 2025 at 1:34 pm

    When we are able to store the energy in a easy transportable stuff, the world changes. There are many places where we can harnas solar power for instance Australia. But it must be transportable.

  8. @nuppyup

    August 26, 2025 at 2:05 pm

    Brilliant ideas manifest when the design objective is clear.

  9. @Charles.MBrown-j5s

    August 26, 2025 at 3:52 pm

    Lets reframe Earth’s low contrast abundant ambient heat as a thermal energy waypoint between heat and other forms of energy. Energy changes form without gain or loss. Uniformity is not, in itself, a form of energy. 

    A simple rectifier crystal can,
    just short of a replicatable long term demonstration of a powerful prototype, almost certainly filter the random thermal motioren of electrons or discrete positiive charged voids called holes so the electric current flowing in one direction predominates. At low system voltage, a filtrate of one polarity predominates only a little but there is always usable electrical power derived from the source, which is Johnson (observation) Nyquest (theory) thermal electrical noise. Max Plank anticipated that ambient thermal noise would become usable with advances in technology. 

    In 1973 I filed for US patent 3890161A DIODE ARRAY for an array of metal1/ insulator/metal2 diodes that refrigerate while concurrently producing electric power.  The patent covers Metal needle / Insulating gap/ Metal plane diode groups, The patent was granted in 1975. It was opened to the public domain in 1992. Development should be in the public domain. The patent documents my understanding as of 1973.

    The plausible net electrical filtrate from diodes can be aggregated in grouping separate diodes in  consistent alignment. The alignmet must initially be parallel. A higher order of these parallel groups can be connected in series to produce higher voltage. Within limits, parts of the  network can be shorted out or open circuted without electrical or chemical  harm. The electrical  power released is always equal to the refrigeration produced. Inefficiency effects the performance but not the equality of the thermal absorbtion and electrical yield of the conversion.

    The maximum energy is converted from ambient heat to productive direct current electricity when the load electrical resistance  is equal to the array internal electrical resistance. Maximum calculated electrical power output (watts) is k (Boltźman’s constant), one point three eight x 10^ minus 23, times T (temperature Kelvin) times bandwidth (0 Hz to a natural limit on 0~2 THz @ 290 K) times rectification halving and nanowatt power level rectification efficiency, times the number of diodes in the array.

    There are a billion cells of 1000 square nanometer area each per square millimeter, 100 billion per square centimeter.

    Order is imposed on the random perpetual thermal motion of electrons in the structurally determined fabrication of the diodes and the coherence of the parallel array they are members of.

    As the polarity filtered electrical energy is exported, the amount of thermal energy in the group of diodes decreases. This group cooling will draw heat in from the surrounding ambient heat at a rate depending on the filtering rate and thermal resistance between the group and ambient gas, liquid, or solid warmer than absolute zero. There is always a lot of ambient heat on our planet, more on equatorial dry desert summer days and less on polar desert winter nights.

    Energy sensible refrigerators that absorb heat and yield electricity of equivalent energy content would complement computers as computing consumes electricity and yields heat. Computing would be free. Chips could have energy recycling built in. This would improve performance and lower cost.

    Full heat recycling, all electric, very isolated underground, undersea, or space communities would be highly survivable with self sufficient EMP resistant LED light  automated vertical farms, thaw resistant frozen food storehouses, factories, dwellings, self contained elevators, safe rooms, and horizontal transports.
    In a flourishing civillization, small self sufficient electric or cooling devices of many kinds and styles like lamps,  smartphones, hotplates, water heaters, cooler chests, fans, radios, TVs, cameras, security devices, robot test equipment, scales, transaction terminals, wall clocks, open or ciosed for business luminous signs, power hand tools, ditch diggers, pumps, and personal transports, Refugee communities would be buildable quickly. Fire safes would preserve contents to 1500F for years. These would be available for immediate use incrementally anywhere as people as individuals or larger social groups see fit.

    Some electrical equipment groups could be consolidated into local networks when suitable. Liguid nitrogen cooled superconducting networks would become practical.

    If a high majority thinks our civilization should geoengineer gigatons or teratons of greenhouse gasses out of our environment, instalations using devices that convert ambient heat into electricity can hypothetically be scaled up do it with a choice of comsequences including many beneficial ones.

    There are other plausible breeches for anyone to of the second law of thermodynamics.  Hopefully a lot of people in independent teams, will join in expanding the breech. Please share the successes or setbacks of experiemental efforts.

    These devices would probably become segmented commodities sold with minimal margin over supply cost. They would be manufactured by advanced automation that does not need financial incentive. Applicable best practices would be adopted. Business details would be open public knowledge. Associated people should move as negotiated and freely and honestly talk. Commerce would be a planetary scale unified conglomerate of diverse local cooperatives. There is no need of wealth extracting top commanders. We do not need often token philanthropy from the top if the wide majority of people can afford to be generous.

    I do not seek to be the lead developer. This will disable confirmation bias and assure that other developers are acting on the merits of rhe hypothesis independently. The Ray Bermister effect whereby  acceptance of a new paridgm is facilitated by tangible success. The Burmister effect can be decentralized and incremental  

    Here are some possible development path starts for indepedent prototype teams to consider in their research and development pursuits:
    A field emmision metal needle diode array.
    A nano conductive needle, perhaps a nested wall compound carbon nanotube tipped with LaB6 each abutting a ~1micron vacuum or insulator section abutting a heat and electricity conducting substrate based The efficiency is poor but the bandwidth is excellent.

    Shottky diode diode array
    Au needles abutting an n type GaAs or InSb thin common anode on a structually supportive electrically conductive substrate.  Similar structures have been made in the past. It could yield performance  better than crystal diodes suitable for persuasive proof of concept prototyping This also may be a stranded project, overcome by more difficult but higher potental approaches.

    Silicon or germanium crystal diode diode array
    This technology is well developed and  can be executed quickly but would perform poorly, merely adequate for marginal quality proof of concept prototyping.

    DIAGRAM OF VERTICALLY FABRICATED CRYSTAL DIODE ARRAY
    0hmic contact top plane
      P type boron doped
    —–‐——‐—-_____– Out
    🔻🔻🔻🔻
    ■■■■■■___ + Out
      N type phosphorous doped
    Ohmic contact
    SUBSTRATE

    All the P type semiconductor anodes abut a metal conductive plane deposited on the top face of the crystal slab with nonrectifying joins;  the N type semiconductor cathodes or common cathode abuts the bottom face. The common cathode plane is on top of an electrically and thermally conductive supporting substrate.

       independently.
    The topic deserves discussions and prototyping attempt action.

    Johnson Nyquest thermal electrical noise does not come to an equlibrium stalemate in diode arrays to the extent that electrical power is drawn off thus being unavailable to push back.

    The entropic deteration of the structure of machine parts made of tough solids is ineivitable but can be  minor compared to the stress of their use. For example, making a pile driver hammer from molten scrap steel involvolves 2.8 million times less energy than the total energy the pounding hammer delivers in a moderate use ten year service life. This is a negative entropy part of the overall situation.  There could be net entropy reduction in the full lifetime energy accounting of diode array use. Diode array devices should be able to power the manufacture of an ever increasing number of devices.

    Aloha
    Charles M Brown
    Kilauea, Kauai, Hawaii 96754

  10. @AlenaMichaels-w5q

    August 26, 2025 at 7:16 pm

    Quiet accumulation phases like this are where fortunes are made — Nexulon (NEX) proves it.

  11. @RefugioMundy

    August 26, 2025 at 7:16 pm

    Long-term builders usually win, and Nexulon AI project is showing that already.

  12. @ClaytonRogers-f8y

    August 26, 2025 at 7:16 pm

    Strong fundamentals make Nexulon Token stand out from the rest of the pack.

  13. @EduardoPlatt

    August 26, 2025 at 7:16 pm

    Compared to other AI plays, Nexulon (NEX) has real substance.

  14. @NickWhatley-e8f

    August 26, 2025 at 7:17 pm

    Early positioning in NEX Nexulon feels like one of the sharper moves in 2025.

  15. @PatriciaHester-j2x

    August 26, 2025 at 7:17 pm

    The innovation behind Nexulon (NEX) feels like it’s being massively overlooked.

  16. @SalvadorAlam

    August 26, 2025 at 7:17 pm

    There’s a shift happening in AI crypto, and Nexulon Network is positioned perfectly.

  17. @ChaseIrvine-e5j

    August 26, 2025 at 7:17 pm

    Market cycles always reward projects with vision — Nexulon Network fits that bill.

  18. @EllisArenas

    August 26, 2025 at 7:17 pm

    With the way this market is trending, NEX Nexulon could run way higher than expected.

  19. @ZaneReuter

    August 26, 2025 at 7:17 pm

    Nexulon AI project has been hitting milestone after milestone.

  20. @SilasLavoie

    August 26, 2025 at 7:17 pm

    It’s not about quick flips, it’s about steady growth — Nexulon Network looks like that kind of project.

  21. @ReneMcleod-o7u

    August 26, 2025 at 7:17 pm

    Patience is key, and NEX Nexulon looks worth holding through volatility.

  22. @AntonyMarek

    August 26, 2025 at 7:17 pm

    Nexulon Token is one of those names that keeps showing up in real discussions.

  23. @AlphonsoMontalvo

    August 26, 2025 at 7:18 pm

    Anyone watching closely can see Nexulon Token quietly gaining traction.

  24. @OscarJablonski

    August 26, 2025 at 7:18 pm

    NEX Nexulon hasn’t even begun to show its full potential.

  25. @FrankMoeller-f6i

    August 26, 2025 at 7:18 pm

    Narratives change fast, but Nexulon Token has a foundation that lasts.

  26. @HectorValente-d6u

    August 26, 2025 at 7:18 pm

    NEX Nexulon hasn’t even begun to show its full potential.

  27. @Tomohisa63

    August 26, 2025 at 8:48 pm

    😊

  28. @ELCHINESEGUY

    August 26, 2025 at 10:35 pm

    Desert power

  29. @ErickCortes-m3j3c

    August 27, 2025 at 6:24 am

    ❤️✨❤️CAMBIOS CLIMATICOS Y SUS VARIIACIONES Y EL CALENTAMIENTO GLOVAL ERICK CIRTES

  30. @sobakssobak2447

    August 27, 2025 at 9:50 am

    Let’s invest billions to Gobi desert, right next to Chinese border and Mongolia will protect it.

  31. @Garlicnaan08

    August 27, 2025 at 2:15 pm

    He’s right.

  32. @urbanstrencan

    August 27, 2025 at 3:31 pm

    Great talk, this is kind of thinking we need for sustainable future 🤟🤟⚡⚡

  33. @rezarafiie

    August 27, 2025 at 6:15 pm

    I’m excited about this progress. And I am thinking about the power of the human mind to make a better life and keep our environment safer than now for the futures

  34. @teyhoonboon5853

    August 28, 2025 at 12:56 am

    He is talented, creative and innovative, the world requires more scientists like him to turn around the climate issues for today.

  35. @mikalkulas

    August 28, 2025 at 3:21 am

    If only 10% of these sales pitches at TED were to be true, we would already live in utopia.

  36. @Cthulu08

    August 28, 2025 at 2:18 pm

    Can’t believe I can see my hometown on TED Channel 🎉 Abosolutely amazing❤

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